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foreign

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[Music]

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thank you

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[Music]

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good afternoon and welcome to NASA's

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Johnson Space Center I'm Chelsea

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ballarte here live in Mission Control

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Houston we're on flight day 10 of NASA's

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Artemis 1 Mission and today the Orion

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spacecraft will conduct a translational

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burn to insert the spacecraft into a

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distant retrograde orbit or dro

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this is a relatively quick burn expected

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to fire for one minute 28 seconds

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beginning at 352 and 28 seconds PM

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Central Time 4 52 pm and 28 seconds

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Eastern

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distant retrograde orbit is highly

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elliptical oval shaped orbit around the

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moon this orbit is unique to Artemis 1

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and will not be used for Artemis 2

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Artemis 3 and Beyond it's highly stable

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so a little fuel is required so little

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fuel is required to stay there as we use

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this Artemis 1 mission to put Orion's

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systems to the test and here to talk

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about future orbits and just a little

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bit is NASA's Dev blood bin she'll be

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joining us as a guest shortly on in our

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coverage later today

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we'll also be joined by NASA's Dan

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Hewitt back at the Moon board to explain

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a little bit more about what distant

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we're here live in Mission control's

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white fling white flight control room

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with NASA flight director Rick labrode

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at the helm overseeing a team of flight

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controllers who are getting ready for

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the distant retrograde orbit insertion

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burn this is the same building as the

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International Space Station's flight

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control room but it's a separate room

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this is a live view that you're getting

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so let's talk a little bit more about

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how we got to this point the spacecraft

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launch on a space launch system rocket

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on November 16th and by its third day it

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was halfway to the Moon

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on November 21st Orion performed an

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outbound powered flyby burn the first of

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two Maneuvers required to enter dro the

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second being today's orbital insertion

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at the time of outbound power flyby

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Orion was just 81 miles above the lunar

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surface and throughout the mission the

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spacecraft performed a series of

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outbound trajectory correction Burns to

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put Orion into the lunar surface

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excuse me into the proper configuration

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to enter distant retrograde orbit so

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remember the number that I just told you

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81 miles above the lunar surface on

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November 21st and by November 22nd Orion

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exited the gravitational sphere of

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influence on the moon and was

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at a lunar altitude of nearly 40 000

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miles

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it's going to continue to get farther

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and shortly after today's distant

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retrograde orbit insertion burn Orion

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will reach its maximum distance from the

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287.76 statue miles

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tomorrow November 26 Orion will pass the

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distance record for the human rated

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spacecraft originally set by Apollo 13.

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that record is 248

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655 miles away from the earth Orion is

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expected to break that record at 7 40

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a.m Central 8 40 a.m Eastern tomorrow if

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you want to hear a little bit more about

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that head over to atnas's Twitter feed

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or the Artemis blog where you can listen

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to an in-depth audio-only conversation

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about the Milestone with guests like

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Apollo flight director Jerry Griffin

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so we're talking about the Apollo 13

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record we know that Apollo 13 traveled

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here's that number again

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248

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655 miles away from the earth and Orion

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will break that record on November 26th

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but Orion isn't going to stop there it's

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going to continue on to its maximum

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distance from the earth reaching

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approximately 272

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514.9 miles away from the earth on

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we won't be live on air for that

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Milestone but later that day on Monday

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we'll have a live we'll be live on NASA

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TV for a briefing to discuss the Midway

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point of the Artemis Mission and finally

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on November 30th we'll be at the tail

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end of distant retrograde orbit we're

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inserting into that orbit today and

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Orion will leave Dro on Wednesday

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November 30th to prepare for a

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so that was a lot of numbers and dates

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that I just gave you we're talking about

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Orion's distance from the Earth but also

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Orion's distance from the lunar surface

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gets a little complicated so to get a

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visualization of both of these positions

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in real time the Orion program has a

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great tool online called Arrow or the

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Artemis real-time orbit website I'll be

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linked to it in the Artemis blog and

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it's a way for you to see for yourself

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where the spacecraft is relative to

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on your screen now is a look at Arrow

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this is what would look like on your

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so to recap we're in a 25 and a half day

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Artemis mission to the moon and we're in

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Flight day 10. so far in the mission

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Artemis performed an outbound powered

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flyby of the Moon and reached its

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closest approach to the moon and then it

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moved further away from the surface of

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the Moon and exited the lunar sphere of

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influence

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Orion has conducted a number of burns to

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get ready for distant retrograde orbit

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insertion and at 3 52 PM the burn is

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expected to begin just less than 15

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so today the milestone for the Orion

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spacecraft that we're talking about

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today is the burn to get into a distant

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retrograde orbit the distant retrograde

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orbit insertion burn so to talk a little

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bit more about this orbit let's go to

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Dan Hewitt at the Moon board who can

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explain a little bit more about what

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so the outbound powered flyby has been

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complete we are on our way now to

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distant retrograde orbit or Dro now

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we're going to do a maneuver to put

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ourselves into this orbit and to

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maintain it we're going to be about 38

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000 miles away from the lunar surface as

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we orbit around that's part of why we're

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calling it distant and we call it

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retrograde because the moon orbiting the

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Earth in this direction and then we're

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entering into our orbit in this

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direction opposites retrograde now we're

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choosing this orbit because it's

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extremely stable it doesn't cost a lot

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of fuel to maintain your position there

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and that gives all of our Engineers our

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flight controllers the chance to really

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learn about Orion systems in deep space

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learn about flying a spacecraft farther

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than we've ever sent one intended for

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humans we're going Beyond anywhere we

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ever went for Apollo and so we're going

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to be in that orbit test out all of

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those systems eventually we'll do a

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maneuver to break out of that do another

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flyby and come home but for now looking

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forward to getting into Dro and really

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getting our chance to learn about Orion

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so that was a little primer on what this

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orbit is and why we want to use it this

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mission to meet our test objectives of

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the Orion spacecraft but DRL will not be

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used in future Artemis missions I'm

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joined Now by Deb ludman with NASA's

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Gateway program

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hey John thanks for joining us thanks so

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much Chelsea so Deb Gateway is not going

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to be in a distant retrograde orbit is

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it

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will not be in a distant retrograde

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orbit the Gateway will actually be in a

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near rectilinear Halo orbit which is a

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lot of words we say nrho and that is a

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very different orbit than the dro

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would you like me to explain a little

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bit about it yeah sure okay so the the

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nrho neurorectalinear Halo orbit is much

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more long and skinny like a long oval so

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it actually looks if you're looking at

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the moon more like a necklace hanging

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down from the Moon it is a sort of a

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combination between two types of orbits

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that have a lot of things going for it

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so the low lunar orbit is more similar

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to what Apollo did and that's a an orbit

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that goes sort of around the center of

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the Moon and it's very close and it it

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provides great access to the moon and

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then the dro the distant retrograde

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orbit is a much broader and it usually

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takes about two weeks to get around in

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an orbit and it's very circular and and

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it has great stability which means you

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don't need a lot of fuel to stay in

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orbit but it also is not very close to

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the moon so what we have for the Gateway

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is we have a near near rectilinear Halo

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orbit nrho and that orbit has the

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benefits of both so it is both access

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close to the moon for some of its orbit

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where we get to about 90 miles away from

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the lunar surface but it also has the

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stability of a distant retrograde orbit

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so its overall orbit takes about a week

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six and a half days or so and that orbit

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offers both the stability of a distant

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retrograde orbit as well as the uh

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access to the lunar surface that alolan

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orbit would have wow that's really cool

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and you're seeing the Gateway that we're

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talking about now on your screen and I

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also see Orion in this graphic so we

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heard that Gateway is going to be in

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this nrho orbit does that mean Orion's

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going to have to be too sure will so

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Orion will do lots of things for Gateway

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Orion is the crude system that will

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bring crew out to the Gateway so that we

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can live and work and and test out those

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systems but at the same time Orion is

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going to be bringing some other things

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out to lunar orbit for us too so it's

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very important that the Gateway is in an

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orbit that both Orion and the human

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Landing system can both access and Orion

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will will come right up to us

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so we know that Orion's going to need to

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be in the same orbit as Gateway during

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future missions as you just told us but

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can you tell us about Orion as a whole

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what's its relationship to Gateway and

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what's the goal of Gateway and how does

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Orion help absolutely so like I said

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Orion is the only way right now that we

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have to get crew to the Gateway so that

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is our number one uh reason for making

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sure that we have the staging point of

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the Gateway uh small space station in

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lunar orbit we can use that as a staging

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point for Orion to come out and for the

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human Landing system to come out and

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everything can meet together there we

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can do system checkouts on all of the

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systems that we will need to go down to

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the lunar surface and the Orion crew

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which is the Artemis crew at that point

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can learn what it's like to live and

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work farther away from from Earth and

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and learn what it's like to be longer in

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space and what happens to people when

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we're farther away from Earth when we're

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uh significantly farther away from

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phoning home and calling for help and so

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we're using this opportunity with the

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gateway to test out all of those systems

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both Technical and human systems to make

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sure that that we can work together as

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an integrated system which will

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absolutely be necessary for Mars

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that's right so we're talking about

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going to the moon going to the mar going

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to Mars The Gateway overall

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um why is Gateway important part of the

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Artemis missions Gateway is imperative

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in figuring out how we do a sustainable

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lunar Mission the Gateway is crew tended

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it is not uh crew habited crew

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habitation all the all year round we

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have crew there for about a month at a

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time and for our longer missions the

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farther we get away from Earth the more

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independent these systems have to be so

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we utilize the time on Gateway and

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learning more about what our systems

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will do what our people will do and it's

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also a great staging point for future

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missions we could actually launch a Mars

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mission from a system at Gateway do all

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of the staging all the checkouts there

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and then have it move on to Mars and at

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the same time we do tons of science so

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the good thing about Gateway being there

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all the time and it being a sustainable

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system is that we can use that to do

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science experiments and learn about

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space weather learn about radiation

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learn about what systems are going to do

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when they're 10 hidden when they're not

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tended for for significant periods of

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time so the Gateway is an imperative

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path uh imperative position for us

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enabling sustainable lunar orbit as well

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as moving forward to Mars

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and that's what it's all about a

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sustainable presence on the moon and the

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science that we can achieve from it Deb

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thank you so much for joining us thank

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we're now coming up on about six minutes

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shortly before our coverage began today

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flight director Rick labrode conducted a

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go no-go Poll for the burn Consulting

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with flight controllers here in the

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white flight control room and they all

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concurred that they are go to proceed

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this distant retrograde insertion burn

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is expected at 3 52 PM Central Time 4 52

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PM Eastern it's going to fire for one

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four minutes now until the expected

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now less than three minutes away from

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you're looking now at an animation of

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the Orion spacecraft

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we intermittently have live views of the

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Orion spacecraft

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from its onboard cameras

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when they're available to us it's still

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to be determined whether we'll get live

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and with one minute left to go until the

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burn it looks like we do have our live

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30 seconds away from the expected start

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is nominal so far

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everything proceeding nominally

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we're continuing to hear good call outs

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from flight controllers monitoring the

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we've reached the end of the burn it has

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you're getting live views from Mission

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Control now while we received good call

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outs of the burn while the burn itself

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was going on

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flight controllers are just confirming

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our coverage today is all about distant

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retrograde orbit insertion burn which

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just commenced minutes ago and concluded

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about just a little over a minute

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we're back with live views of the

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flight controllers here in the white

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flight control room looked at all the

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data from the burn and confirmed that it

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was a good burn

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the burn began as scheduled at 3 52 PM

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Central Time burning for almost a minute

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so it looks like we had a good burn it

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began at 3 52 p.m Central Time 4 52 PM

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Eastern warning burning for one minute

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and 28 seconds this burn occurred the

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burn the start of the burn began about

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10 minutes ago Orion is now traveling at

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a velocity of

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2252 miles per hour 57 000 miles above

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the surface of the Moon and you can

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follow all of this data in real time

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using the Aero Artemis Real Time online

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tracker yourself we link to this in the

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blog

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we're going to continue to have imagery

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and videos in high definition from this

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Mission as well as we go on this is a 25

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and a half day mission to the moon and

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back and we're on flight day 10 having

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just completed the

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distant retrograde insertion burn

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many important Milestones are expected

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we'll be live on air to discuss the

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midpoint of the mission and for distant

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retrograde departure as well when the

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Orion spacecraft departs this distant

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retrograde Orchid bit that it just

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until then the next Milestone that we

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have coming up will actually focus on

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the International Space Station live

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coverage of the SpaceX Commercial

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resupply Services 26th Mission it's a

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cargo Mission with the dragon resupply

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spacecraft begins at 2 pm on Saturday

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November 26th with a launch scheduled

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for 2 20 p.m Eastern Time

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that's concludes our coverage for today